Introducing Speaker: Ladies and gentlemen, please welcome back Vic Gundotra.
Vic Gundotra: Wow! Good morning, everybody. This place is packed. I’m surprised so many of you made it back after that great party last night.
You know, let me begin by just thanking you guys for your support. Yesterday was an epic day for Google I/O. It was quite an amazing day. And just thank you for being part of that. I hope you enjoyed it as much as we did.
And I hope you’re enjoying your Android development kits. Yes?
All right. You know, that party last night, thank you for many of you who downloaded the new version of Google+ for Android and then accepted my invitation. We had over 2600 of you do that. And of those 2600 people, over 1,000 people turned on Party Mode and contributed over 13,700 photographs from last night’s concert.
When was the last time you went to an event and the next day had that many photos automatically organized and chronological. I have to apologize. This is not Glass that’s distracting me. Ever since yesterday, I’ve developed just this nervous TIC. I am just always wondering, where is Sergey? I’m not sure if he’s in the building, if he’s above the building.
As you probably know, he’s going to do some fun stuff again today. I hope you’ve been following his Google+ posts. But I think you’re likely to see some pretty exciting stuff.
With that, let’s get started with Day 2 keynote.
I think you’re going to be really excited about what you’re going to see here. That’s going to be handled by our senior vice president of Chrome and apps, and my friend, Sundar Pichai. Sundar?
Sundar Pichai: Thank you. Welcome to Day 2 of Google I/O keynote. It’s very exciting to be here. None of what I have planned involved jumping from an airplane, doing anything on top of Moscone or riding onto the stage. But we nevertheless have lots of exciting stuff ahead. In fact, we’ve had a few exciting months. But a few months ago, we launched Chrome for Android, which, hopefully, all of you can use on your brand-new Nexus 7.
About 10 weeks ago, we launched Google Drive. And just about three weeks ago, we launched a whole new next-generation line of Samsung Chromebooks. And we are just getting started. What we thought we’d do today was to take a step back, talk to you about the journey we are on and where we are going next. I’m primarily going to be talking about Chrome and our cloud applications, our journey to help you all live online in the cloud seamlessly.
We’ll also talk about the Web platform, what we are doing so that developers like you can write great Web applications. So let’s get started. The chart behind me shows the growth of the World Wide Web, shows the growth of traffic, the Internet traffic. And as you can see is the top line is the total traffic. It’s exploded.
In fact, since the advent of broadband, it’s grown a lot and reached today over 2.3 billion users, a staggering number. But the good news is, this is only one-third of the world’s population. And the way we are going to get to the rest of the world is through mobile. That’s what the second line shows.
With the advent of smartphones and better connectivity, increasingly, people are accessing the Web for the first time ever on their phones. And with the help of mobile, we are going to reach the entire world’s population. In fact, it’s expected in about four years there are going to be around 20 billion network connections, about 2.5 network connections for every user in the world. We are in the middle of a revolution. At Google, we saw this trend coming, which is why we built Chrome. About three and a half years ago, we launched Chrome as a browser to help showcase the modern Web. And we are very excited and humbled to see that option.
Thanks to a lot of users and developers like you, about two years ago at Google I/O, we announced that we have 70 million weekly active users. A year ago, we announced we had doubled to 160 million active users. And as of today, we have almost doubled again, to 310 million active users.
What matters, though, is that how people use Chrome. They live on it every day. Every single day, there are over 60 billion words typed in Chrome. That is the equivalent of 100,000 textbooks, or one terrabyte of data, documents, text, images, videos are downloaded every single day.
And, finally, something which is near and dear to my heart, Chrome is all about speed. Just one feature in Chrome, the fact that when you’re typing in the Omnibox, we try to guess where you go, prefetch and prerender the page. That feature alone saves 13 years of human lifetime every single day in Chrome.
And we have hundreds of such features in the product. We are very humbled by this momentum. There’s a lot of conversation about share, et cetera. By our internal metrics and everything we see out there, Chrome is the most popular browser in the world globally.
The landscape has changed pretty significantly since we launched Chrome. At the time we launched Chrome, most of you were using the browser on a single computer. It was primarily the desktop Web. Fast forward to today. Almost all of you have smartphones. You have a computer at home, at work, you share your devices with family and friends, and increasingly, you’re buying tablets. So Chrome was built for a better Web. But for today’s Web, we want to make sure Chrome acts as a layer so that your Web is personalized, works consistent and seamlessly across all your devices.
To show you how we are doing that, let me invite Brian Rakowski, our vice president f product management, but more formally known as the inventor of Incognito mode. Brian?
Brian Rakowski: Thanks, Sundar. If you guys are anything like me, you probably use Chrome across a lot of different computers. In fact, you probably just use a lot of different computers, computers, devices, phones, tablets, all sorts of different things. I counted. I use about eight different computers on a regular basis. And I’m sure a lot of you use many more than that. So to show you how Chrome makes that experience painless moving across all these different devices to get stuff done, living life in the cloud, I’m going to show you what I do on just a typical day with Chrome.
Here I am at home on my MacBook. Over breakfast, I’m reading news, catching up on current events. You see I have a whole bunch of tabs open here. Some of them I’ve read. Some of them I haven’t read yet. You can see I’ve got my books marks here, Chrome has been customized over the last several years of using Chrome to have all my settings, everything that makes Chrome work well for me.
But I’m running out of time. I’ve got to get out to work. I run out the door, leave my Macbook, and head to work. Now I’m at work. Not too bad of a commute today. Here I am on my Chromebook, and it turns out I use a different computer at work than I do at home. In fact, I use a lot of different computers at work. As a member of the Chrome team, we’re always testing new hardware. We’re always trying out new devices, reinstalling Chrome, Chrome OS on different things. So I end up using lots of different computers every day to get stuff done. It turns out on this computer, I’ve never actually signed up. I don’t have an account on this computer.
So because I’ve never used it before, I’ll just sign in with my user name and password. If I got that right, all my settings will start coming down from the cloud. These are all my settings on the Macbook. And in addition, I’ve customized Chrome to start up with some work tabs when I’m at work. So when I hit “okay,” you should see my work tabs just appear on the screen. There they are.
So you can see, I’ve got my bookmarks here, all my settings are down here, also these tabs, I can get some work done, see the tree is open. That’s good. PRD I’ve been working on for incognito. I can file some bugs. All this work is kind of making me hungry. It’s time for lunch. Let’s think about what to have. I feel like something salty, maybe a little bit more of a hearty meal, some pork maybe.
I heard about this place, but I can’t remember the name. Something to do with — with pig. Let me try to query. Let’s see what happens. Salty pig parts. Boccalone. Okay. That sounds like it might be the place. Let me click. Yes. That’s what I’m looking for.
Okay. And it looks like there’s a location in the Ferry Building. So let me click that. Okay. Not too far. I can just walk there. So leave work, head out the door, and as I walk to the Ferry Building, I realize that I was so distracted by those pictures of delicious, delicious pork products that I forgot exactly where the location of the place was. In fact, I wasn’t paying attention to it at all.
But it’s not a problem, because I’ve got Chrome installed on my phone, and I’m signed in here, too. So I’ll just — let me zoom in a little bit. I’ll just launch Chrome, open a new tab, and you can see all my recent devices. You can see the Chromebook I had open at work. And that tab is still open there. I can pull it over here. So I’ll click the Ferry Building. And that page should load right here so I can see exactly where I need to go.
Now, turns out we didn’t just sync that URL. We also made sure that the back button works across pages. So after I’ve gotten in line, I can start to look at the menu by tapping back. And I can even go back to search results.
So back works across devices as well. So now that I’m happily eating my lunch, turns out I’m a little bit of a nerd. I carry a second device around with me. When I want a bigger screen, I’ve got my brand-new Nexus 7. And, of course, Chrome is installed there, too. I’ve already signed in and started to set it up. Just — and since I’m having this delicious sandwich, let’s say I want to visit a site, it’s a blog I haven’t been to in a while. I think it’s called hamburger — it showcases the best hamburgers every single day that they can find. So I’ll just start typing — and because Chrome is synced, even though I’ve never typed this URL on this device before, I typed it on one of my other computers, it’s synced here, saves me a lot of typing. And even better, as Sundar mentioned, we’re pretty obsessed with speed. We’ve started to load this page in the background because we know you’re very likely to go there.
As soon as I tap this, it should be there waiting. Ready, one, two, three. And the page is already loaded.
So I can load a page there, enjoy my lunch. Everything will be delicious. So I’ve shown you Chrome syncing across a couple different laptops, including a Chromebook, a phone, a tablet, all my settings, including my open tabs, my bookmarks, all the things that make Chrome work for me, synchronizing silently in the background, making it painless to live across all these different devices. But there’s one more thing I wanted to talk to you about. Some of you have been very persistently asking for one thing in particular. And before we agreed to do it, we wanted to make sure that we did an excellent job of it.
I’m very happy to say that the team has really pulled something great out. So you’re probably wondering what it is I’m talking about. People have been asking — you’ve been asking — to use Chrome on your iPhone.
So I’m happy to announce that later today, Chrome will be rolling out in the Appstore. But I’ll give you a sneak preview now. Here’s Chrome on my home screen. Launch it, and it should look very familiar to any of you who have used Chrome on another device before. If you use Chrome on Android or a Chromebook, you’ll see it’s got an Omnibox up top. It behaves just like you’d expect it to. You can open tabs, as many tabs as you like. You can flick through them easily, quickly. It’s a silky smooth experience, really fun. You can select the one you’re looking for. You can even close tabs with a quick swipe.
And you can even swap tabs without having to go to the switcher just by dragging from the side. Makes browsing the Web on your iPhone really fun. But while we were at it, we figured, why stop there? We might as well go for the iPad, too. So — And you can even swap tabs without having to go to the switcher, just by dragging from the side. Makes browsing the Web on your iPhone really fun. But while we were at it, we figured why stop there. We might as well go for the iPad, too.
So I’ll give you a sneak preview of that as well. Here is Chrome on the home screen of my iPad. Launch it. You can see we’ve put the tabs up top here just like we did on the Nexus 7. We’ve got a little more space to work with that makes multi-tasking easier. I’ve got a bunch of tabs open here and you can see they’ve started to pile up because I’ve got a few too many open. That’s not unusual. But I can just push them out of the way to get to the one I’m looking for. It’s a really nice overflow solution when you have a lot of tabs open. And just like all the other devices, it’s synced. Everything is here. So you can see I have my bookmarks from my desktop, find anything I’m looking for, and all my other devices are here. So you can see everything I’ve done today. You can see I’ve got all those restaurant pages open on my iPhone, you can see my Nexus 7 where I was looking at food over my lunch, you can see the salty pig parts query which I backed up from on the Boccalone site, the work that I did today — looks like I didn’t do much at all. And you can see the pages I had open on my MacBook Pro this morning over breakfast. In case I want pick up where I left off on one of those pages, I’ll just tap it and finish reading the news and it will load here. Everything just works across devices.
But in this case — oh, it looks like I need to log in. Well, it’s not a problem. My credentials are linked across machines. Even though I’ve never used the “New York Times” on this device before, never logged in, I can just tap “log in,” and because I’m signed in, my credentials are synced, auto fill, you can log in directly.
Now, one more feature before I quit, Incognito, a feature near and dear to my heart, the team did a great job with Incognito here. You can see it works just how you would expect it to from other computers. You can toggle between regular and Incognito windows just by tapping there. And having Incognito on a touch device is a great experience. Thank you.
Sundar, back to you.
Sundar Pichai: Thank you, Brian. It’s an exciting demo to see Chrome on Android phones, Android tablets and now on the iPhone and the iPad. So no matter which device you’re using, we’re working really hard across all important software platforms. No other browser vendor is doing this. We want to make sure it’s about the user, your Web, working everywhere, personalized, consistent, always, any time, anywhere.
Of course, when you’re living online and living in the cloud, you’re using cloud applications. And at Google we realized this, and in 2004 there was a profound shift on the Web. The Web shifted from documents to be about rich, interactive Web applications. And in 2004 we launched one of the seminal AJAX applications of that era, Gmail. And since then Gmail has grown to reach 425 million active users, monthly unique users, and it’s become a primary communications platform for all these users. We haven’t stopped there. We’ve been very hard at work and we’ve continually added more applications. Google Calendar, Google Documents, Google Spreadsheets, Google Presentations, and about ten weeks ago we launched Google Drive, a centralized place for you to create and collaborate online and have all your important data with you so that you can live in the cloud. We call this Going Google, and hundreds of millions of users have gone Google. But it’s not just at home. There is a very powerful trend underway. We call this consumerization of businesses. It’s the same person who leaves home and shows up at work, and they demand the same experience.
Smartphones are a good example. People have demanded the same smartphones at work like they’ve used at home. The same is true for their applications as well. This trend has been so powerful, we are seeing many, many businesses are Going Google. In fact, governmental agencies in 45 out of 50 states in the U.S., including places like Department of Interior, have gone Google. 66 of top 100 universities in the United States have gone Google. And over five million businesses, the rate at which we are signing up businesses is growing steadily, have gone Google. This is a pretty fundamental shift. If you look at most businesses, they are based on the PC architecture. And the PC, which was a huge revolution, was primarily focused on automating your individual work space.
Fast forward to today. Most companies are in – care about collaboration deeply, and you’re just not going to get there by using SharePoint or TPS reports. What you need is a radical different architecture to get there, which is why many, many large companies are Going Google. You can see many big names up there.
Let me give you one example. Roche, which has 90,000 employees over 140 countries. They acquired Genentech, which is a Google Apps customer, and Roche has decided to deploy Google across their entire employee base. So it’s a very, very powerful trend. We call this trend Going Google and we put together a few short videos to show you what it is like to go Google. Let’s take a look.
[Video Presentation]
As I said earlier, this is a fundamental and radically different way to collaborate. Just try doing that with SharePoint.
But ten weeks ago we launched Google Drive, one more step in this journey. In just over ten weeks over 10 million users have signed into Google Drive, they’re creating and collaborating both with Google applications and third-party applications, and storing all their important data. And this is another step in our journey to help users go Google.
To talk about our journey with Drive, I’d like to invite Clay Bavor, director of product management for Google Apps.
Clay Bavor: Thank you, Sundar. As Sundar said, Google Drive is all about making it really easy to live life in the cloud. And that starts by making all of your files available on all of your devices anywhere. And to do that we’ve built a really nice Web interface, desktop sync applications for Windows and for Mac, and also a really, really nice Android app, but like with Chrome we want Drive to be available on every platform, so today I’m really excited to announce we’re making it available on iOS and on Chrome OS.
So let me start here on iOS here on the iPad. I’m just going to zoom out a bit. And I’ll just open up Drive. You can see the interface is really, really fluid. It works just like you’d expect. You can browse through dozens and dozens of file types. Here I’ll pull up a photo. It’s a bigger photo than I remember. And everything just works like you’d expect, but it’s not just browsing that we’ve made available on the iOS experience. We’ve brought 5a lot of the best features of Drive right to the mobile and tablet experience. So for example, I’m going to open up this folder of receipts here. I’m a big nerd. I scan all of my receipts, but I was also too lazy to actually title any of these.
But I know that somewhere in here there’s a receipt from the post office with a tracking number. So what I can do here is just search — and I’m going to type “certified mail.” I think that word was in there somewhere. And just like that I can pull up the receipt. Notice this isn’t a text file. There’s no text in here. I haven’t written anything. Instead we used optical character recognition technology to actually extract the text from the scan, index it and then make it searchable.
Now, the cool thing is that doesn’t just work with text. Yeah, it’s pretty cool. It doesn’t just work with text, it works with photos, too. Let me show you what I mean. So here I have a big pile of photos. I took a trip with my wife through Africa last year, and I know somewhere in here are photos of us at the pyramids, but again, I didn’t title my photos, I didn’t add keywords, but if I search for pyramids, just do a search, up come the images of us at the pyramids.
So again, we can actually use image recognition technology to peer inside of the images to actually understand the content. I don’t have to do anything, no labels, no metadata, no nothing. It just works. Of course, I don’t always have an internet connection, so Drive makes it really easy to just save things, cache them offline. So here I’ll just save this manual offline so I can read it whenever. And of course, at its core Drive is about enabling sharing and collaboration. So I can add users to collaborate in documents with me right from the app. So here’s I think a relevant document here. I haven’t gotten very far, but I’m going to add Brian right here. He’s now backstage. And we’ll see if he has any other ideas, give him edit access.
I’ve added him right there. We’ll come back to that in a second. So that’s Google Drive on iOS to be available for iPad, iPhone, iPod Touch later today. Check it out. I think you’ll like it.
So if we can go over to the Chromebook now, I want to show you Drive on Chrome OS. So with Drive on Chrome OS, what we did was actually integrate it deep into the operating system. So what I can do here is I’m just going to open up my application tray, open up files, and basically Google Drive is just the file system. It’s your hard drive in the cloud. And we sync down everything silently so that you can all of your stuff whenever you need it everywhere, right there. So of course, Drive does a lot more than just sync your files to the cloud. It enables some amazing applications. And one of those is real time collaboration in the cloud with applications like Google Docs.
So I’m going to open up this document here. There we go. And I’m also going to pull it up on my smartphone and on my tablet. Here is on my smartphone.
Show some LOL cats. And here’s everything synced across all of my devices. Keystroke by keystroke I can see these edits. Everything just works. Now, this last point is an important one. Google Docs works great if you’re connected to the internet, but what if you’re on a plane or you don’t have a connection? What about then? We’ve been thinking about that and we’re really excited to announce that today Google Documents works for editing offline.
So let me show you how this works. So what I’m going to do is we’ve turned out of wireless on the laptop here and I’m just going to unplug the ethernet cable. So there it is, it’s unplugged. And just to prove to you that I am offline, “New York Times,” no connection, but I can just go back to my Google Doc and I can keep editing just like I’m online.
All the formatting still works, and you’ll see that Google Docs has just noticed gracefully I’m offline. All my changes are just saved locally to a local cache and I can keep on without even thinking about it. It all just works without me even noticing. So what I’m going to do now is I’ve made some changes offline, maybe Brian and folks backstage are making some more changes. I’m going to close this document, all my changes are saved, I’m going to plug ethernet back in, and now watch what happens when I open the document, because it’s going to happen pretty quickly. I’m going to open it back up in Drive and like that it will be synced back to the cloud and you will see it across all of my devices updated in real time. So let me open up the Drive Web interface.
Here it is. I’m going to open up this document — and get ready because it happens quick. And there it is. Everything just syncs. And once you’ve shown the feature, move on to the next thing. So that’s Google Documents working offline. It’s available today. We’re working on offline presentations and spreadsheets. Those are coming soon. But if you’re flying back from Google I/O and you don’t have internet on the plane, try out Google Docs. It works great. So Google Docs offline.
Now, if we could just go to the Chromebook, Google Documents is just one application that Google Drive makes possible. But users can also create and edit and share all sorts of stuff with dozens and dozens of third-party applications that have integrated with Google Drive using the Google Drive SDK. We’ve actually just updated our SDK to Version today, and let me show you what’s possible with this SDK.
So as a user I can do is go to the Web store, add additional apps that integrate with Drive, and they show up here in the more menu. So I can fax, I can send and receive faxes with Hellofax right from Google Drive, so you can get rid of your fax machine and just have faxes come straight to Drive. I can create and edit images and videos and charts. And now, the neat thing about the way the integrations work is files you create with these third-party applications, they’re stored alongside everything else, just like regular files. So I’ve created a couple of diagrams for Google I/O, and I just click that. And notice I don’t have to log in or authenticate. It just launches the file, it opens the application, takes a couple of seconds, and then we’re in Lucidchart, one of my favorite applications. This is a really deep statement here.
So one of the neat things about Drive is our developers — not only do they get access to millions and millions of users, authentication, sharing, Google Drive storage, but they’re telling us that their users that come from Drive are actually more active than users that come to their applications directly. So Lucidchart tells us their users when they come from Drive, because of the sharing and ease of creation, create three times more diagrams. Hellofax users send 25% more faxes. SlideRocket users are three and a half times as likely to create a presentation. So developers are seeing really, really great distribution using Drive. We actually have a session right after this at 11:45 in Room 8 on the Drive SDK. Actually, this morning I just whipped up a little diagram to help get you there in case you’re interested. Room 8, 11:45.
So that’s the Google Drive SDK. Version 2 is coming out today. We’re really excited about it. You also saw Google Drive for iOS and for Chrome OS and Documents now working offline. So we’re really excited about where we’re taking Google Drive. We hope you will join us. Thanks very much.
Sundar Pichai: Thank you, Clay. So just like Chrome, Google cloud applications, Google Drive now also works on Windows, Mac, Android, iOS, Chrome OS, across all your platforms. and all your devices so that you can live online on the cloud seamlessly. So we are very excited by that.
Quite a few years ago, we set out on this journey to really help users live in the cloud, to design an end-to-end computing experience. And that’s what the Chrome OS journey is all about. A year ago, at Google I/O, we launched our first-generation Chromebooks. Our goal was to get the product out there, help seed the market, get feedback from developers like you.
Since then, we’ve been hard at work. We release a version of the operating system every six weeks and automatically update it to all Chromebooks out there. There are no versions, no downloads, no installs. We constantly update them. We brought it all together about three weeks ago for the next-generation Chromebooks. There are three main aspects to it.
First of all, they’re significantly faster. They are about 3X faster than the first-generation Chromebooks, thanks to faster processors. And the entire software stack is now hardware accelerated, so it’s really fast and smooth, as fast as in computers which are around $1,000. It has a full end-to-end user experience. You saw a bit of that earlier. It is — it treats applications as first-class citizens. So you’re no longer tied to a browser window. You can have full screen experiences. You can have applications side by side, multiple windows, you can pin them to the task bar, et cetera. And we are really investing in the application ecosystem. You saw examples with Google Drive working on it and important applications like Google Documents now working offline.
One of the things which excites about it is we call it the “always new” computer. Since we update it automatically, even people who bought the first-generation Chromebook, a lot of them wrote to us three weeks ago and said they opened their computer, it got faster, and they have a whole new window manager at work, just like that.
So we are very excited by the model we are working on, and we are going to be investing a lot more here. One of the feedbacks, the last version was well received, but more people wanted to get their hands on and see what these are like. So as of today, we are going to make Chromebooks available in physical retail, 100 Best Buy stores all across the United States.
So that users can try them and buy them. We are doing the same in U.K., with Dixon’s as well. As we go through the next few months, you’re going to see a lot more. We are working with many more OEMs and Intel to get a whole lineup ready for the holiday season. So stay tuned.
One of the things when I came to Google in 2004, I was inspired by taking a tour of our data center. Just walking inside them and seeing hundreds and hundreds of computers powering applications like Google Search, and we had just launched Gmail, and seeing the scale of the infrastructure needed was inspiring.
But it is very hard for Web developers externally to get access to that kind of infrastructure. We want you to write great Web applications, so we’ve been thinking hard about how to provide you with the same quality of infrastructure we enjoy at Google.
To do that, I want to invite Urs Hoelzle, our first V.P. of engineering, one of the first ten employees at Google, and the person, more than anyone, responsible for building all of Google’s infrastructure. Urs?
Urs Hoelzle: Thank you, Sundar. We’ve heard a great many things today about applications, clients, and — but I’m here today to talk about servers and the infrastructure that powers all these applications.
A long time ago, at Google, we started working very hard to build the world’s fastest, most scalable, and most reliable infrastructure. We needed our infrastructure to deliver incredible scale and incredible performance at a very low cost. And over the years, we built one of the world’s largest set of data centers and one of the world’s largest networks to connect these data centers. And then we started looking at ways to deliver that infrastructure to you so that you can build great applications for your users.
So in 2008, we launched App Engine. App Engine lets you write simple, intuitive code to build your apps. And then we take them and we manage them and we scale them for you. So if you have one request per second or 1,000 requests per second, it just works. We’re thrilled about the popularity of App Engine.
Today, it’s supporting over 1 million active applications, 7.5 billion hits per day every day, and 2 trillion data store operations per month. That easily makes it the largest public, NoSQL data store infrastructure in the world.
So more and more developers are using App Engine. And every day, we hear success stories from them. Here’s one from Japan, where earlier this month, a fully one-third of Japan was watching a national song contest. And App Engine was powering the live streaming and the voting for this event. At its peak, it ran at 24,000 requests per second. Yet, no other App Engine user noticed that this was going on. So the ability to sail through this kind of traffic spike allows you to focus on your application while we focus on handling the traffic.
So we’re very proud of what App Engine has enabled all of you developers to do. But many of you have said you want even more options. And, specifically, you’ve told us that you want virtual machines on demand with industry-leading performance, with industry-leading scalability, and so easy and cheap to run that you’d prefer them to your in-house servers.
Well, today, I’m going to show you what it is like to run in Google’s cloud. I’m here to announce Google Compute Engine, infrastructure as a service that delivers the kind of performance — and scale and value — You haven’t seen anything yet.
But the infrastructure as a service that delivers the performance and scale and value that only Google can deliver. So Compute Engine gives you Linux virtual machines at Google scale. Spin up two VMs or 10,000 VMs. It just works. You have multiple storage options, high-performance networking between VMs so that you can form them into a cluster and great connectivity to your end users using Google’s global backbone. So let me show what Compute Engine and App Engine together can do. One of our beta testers was the Institute for Systems Biology. The ISB uses genomic analysis to decipher how genes function and to find relationships between the genes that signal the potential for new cancer drugs. They wrote an App Engine app that connected to Compute Engine virtual machines. And you’ll see it here on the screen here. They show the human genome in a circular form. And the application allows researchers to visually explore the associations between genes, mutations, and other factors. And each of these associations is shown with a blue line like that.
Now, this may look simple, but this kind of analysis requires a tremendous amount of computation. So ISB built an in-house cluster with 1,000 nodes to handle this kind of computation. Yet it still took them ten minutes to compute just a single association using the entire cluster. So, fortunately, it took only a few days to port this application to Compute Engine. And let’s see how Compute Engine performs on this application. Now, remember, on their in-house 1,000-core cluster, what you would see here is one line appear, you know, click, and then you’d wait for ten minutes to see the next line. So let’s see what Compute Engine can do with this. (Ticking).
All right. So this is what happens when you add 10,000 cores to your application. Instead of it taking ten minutes, you get a new association every few seconds. That’s the kind of scalability and performance that Google can deliver. And so today, anyone with large-scale computing needs can now access this same infrastructure with Compute Engine virtual machines. And this infrastructure comes with a scale and a performance and a value that is unparalleled in the industry, because you benefit from the efficiency of Google data centers and our decade of experience in running them.
What you get from Google is not just the scale, but also amazing stable performance. So our virtual machines and storage are predictably fast so you can rely on a consistent level of performance, no matter who else is running on Compute Engine right now, just as App Engine was able to handle a huge spike in the Japanese application. For example, when Invite Media ported their ad server from another cloud provider to Compute Engine, they were able to double the number of connections that each single VM can accept at — using VMs of comparable size, and, more importantly, they were able to reduce the number of connection errors by over a factor of ten because of the predictable performance.
You can hear more directly from Compute Engine beta users in the technical sessions about Compute Engine which you will see show up on your I/O calendar after this talk. So be sure to check them out. Now, finally, we know that you want top scalability and top performance. But you also need value. And Compute Engine is a great value, delivering up to 50% more compute per dollar than other cloud providers, so you don’t have to choose between getting the best performance and getting the best price. We worked very hard for a decade to lower the cost of computing, and we’re passing these savings on to you.
Compute Engine is now open in limited preview. And it’s amazing to finally be able to talk about this. It’s amazing to see 10,000 cores working for a single application and what that can do. So 10,000 cores, I think that’s really cool. But you know what really cool?
Well, we know that some of you need even more scale. And we have the technology to help you. For computations that are very, very computationally intensive but don’t need that much I/O, we can scale much, much higher. You may have noticed this ticker counting up since the start of my presentation. Well, this ticker is not a conceptual counter. It shows the actual count of the number of cores available to the genome app right now. And they’ve all been adding since the beginning of this presentation. So what would you say to 770,000 cores available to your app?
So if you’re ISB, you would say, actually, my app kind of taps out at 600,000 cores. It doesn’t scale any further. So let’s leave 170,000 idle and allocate 600,000 to the genome app and see how fast it runs. Switch to the app. Right. There’s a little initial delay. And then we really get going.
So this is the same computation now running on 600,000 cores. That is cool! And that is how Infrastructure as a Service is supposed to work. So this, ladies and gentlemen, truly is the best time ever to deliver and to build for the Web. You now have access to the scale and performance of Google’s infrastructure at a great price. And it’s up to you to figure out how to make the best use of that.
So with that, back to Sundar. Thank you.
Sundar Pichai: Woo-hoo! I was jumping up back there when I saw the 600,000 cores, the kind of scale you can only dream about. It’s incredibly exciting that you all now have access to what we have had internally at Google. I can’t wait to see what you all build next. Of course, infrastructure is only one component of writing great Web applications. The other thing is the actual underlying platform. And we’ve been working hard with a lot of you and other browser vendors and the open Web community to advance that forward. What you’re seeing behind me — let’s switch to the visualization, please.
What you’re seeing behind me is the visualization of how the Web platform was evolved over the years. It’s inspiring and humbling to see names like Mosaic, Netscape, the introduction of HTML, CSS. But what’s interesting is, as you go to the far right, you can see it gets denser. It’s much richer. That’s because the Web platform is evolving at a faster pace than ever before, which makes sense, because the Web is increasingly being used across many, many new types of devices: Phone, tablets, and so on. And we need to make sure we have all the Web to support those use cases.
The good news is, it’s happening very fast. One of the great things about the Web is, as we add APIs, developers like you immediately take advantage of it to write great Web applications. So let me give one example. About a year and a half ago, from the Chrome team, we decided to support games, rich games, online. Why? Games tend to push the limits of a platform. They are really hard on the platform. And if you can run games, you can pretty much do anything else. So we talked to game developers, and we found out what APIs they need. A lot of it was what we were already working on. And we started adding them to Chrome. So let’s take a look at what’s happening.
So let’s switch to a game. Kan is going to help me with it. What we are showing you — can you switch to the game, please. What we are showing you is a game called Gaikai, which is being streamed. It’s a service called Gaikai. This is being streamed live online. And they can do it to any Internet-connected devices. There is no download. There is no install. You just click and play different games. This particular game is called Bulletstorm.
And I’ve been assured all do you is shoot aliens in this process. So let’s take a look.
So Kan is going to load up the game and play. What you will notice is that, first of all, it’s a rich, full-screen experience. It’s very immersive. We do it through the full-screen API. The sound effects are all enhanced audio APIs we have added in the last year. To do a game like this, you need really good performance. You need raw network access. We do it through UDP. The local performance on the client you see there is being done because we are executing in the native client sandbox. And, finally, to do something like this, obviously, Kan is using a game pad. We needed to give access to a peripheral like the game pad with a game pad API. Doing that, you can see a rich game. By the way, it’s running in a Chromebook. You can spin it around because everything is hardware accelerated.
It’s not just Gaikai and Bulletstorm which have done this, we have — let’s switch to the slides — we have seen several mainstream games, Angry Birds, cut the rope, all available in the Chrome Web Store. In fact, even Triple A console-style games like Bastion, From Dust, are all available in the Web Store now to play. Angry Birds alone has been played by more than 140 million users. What’s happening in games is happening in every other vertical in the Web Store: Games, entertainment, like music, educational apps, and apps for businesses as well. Over 750 million applications have been installed, and people are enjoying living online in the cloud every day. And we are just getting started. We are going to evolve Chrome apps pretty significantly.
There are three major areas we are going to focus on. First is we need to make sure all applications are always available. You saw the example of Docs offline. As you write a Chrome application, we are going to provide developers with a way to package resources automatically by default, including the UI, so that you can always serve the application locally. The second thing is, we want to make sure you get an authentic app experience, just like what you saw with the game earlier. So we want to break out of the browser window when you want to give full-screen experiences, as well as provide new UI containers for applications. And, finally, when you write a Chrome application, we want to make sure you have access to every underlying device API across phones, tablets, and desktops. So we are working hard at that. If you download the Chrome canary build, you can see what we are doing there. And we have sessions later in the day where you can get a lot more details. It is one thing to write great Web applications.
But it is an entirely different thing to take a real-world experience, something with amazing artistry, like what Cirque du Soleil creates, and translate that to the cloud. Something very hard to do, and to share that journey, let me invite Joanne and Aubrey from Cirque du Soleil.
Joanne Fillion: Thank you, Sundar. Hello, everyone. It’s great to be here. For those of you who know Cirque du Soleil, and I hope many of you do, you will understand that we always strive to create immersive and fantastical experiences for our patrons, experiences that will make them dream for a little while.
We also constantly ask ourselves, how do we evolve beyond the live world? How do we create experiences that reach more people? How do we create worlds that people participate in? The Web is an obvious option, because it can reach anyone on the planet. However, we know how difficult it is to transport anyone into an imaginary world if they can’t actually experience it firsthand. In this project, we were still facing the same big question: Could the Web deliver the experience we envision? Could the technology give the possibility to the user to actually interact with the environment and lose themselves in it?
To create this new world, we knew we needed to go beyond text, pictures, and videos. We all really wanted to evoke people’s emotions, to awaken their imagination, and to enrich their lives. But I have to say, when we saw the preliminary result of this project, we all got so excited, we were surprised. Some of us were actually really touched, and stunned, I would say, by the depth and the richness of the visual animation. The creative team and this new technology have created an experience that evokes a beautiful, immersive, and sensorial world that truly resembles Cirque du Soleil and that can be enjoyed by everyone when and where they feel it. The combination of great creative minds in this new Web technology opened possibilities that we didn’t know existed before.
I will let Aubrey, our development partner, to show you what we built together, and, most importantly probably for you guys, how we built it. Aubrey?
Aubrey Anderson: Thanks, Joanne. It’s awesome. This is awesome to be here. Cirque du Soleil in a browser. What a fantastic challenge. Let’s take a look at our demo and see how we did. Now, in order to get you into the experience in a different way, we allow you to control the navigation and perspective by moving your body. As the experience starts, our tour guide shows us how to do it. We’ve used the Get User Media API inside Web RTC to enable the user’s camera and detect faces and track motion, and then we map that back to the navigation controls in the app.
Kan, can you move left and right and show that behavior. There he goes. You’ll notice Kan’s silhouette at the bottom as he moves. This gives him some feedback about where he is in space. And then once our guide feels like we’ve got the hang of it, she opens up the curtains and we’re invited into her imaginary world. I love it when something very complex turns out to be created with simple ingredients. We’ve created this world completely in HTML.
We’ve combined Web video and images and markup into virtual set pieces which we then position in 3D space using CSS. You can see how the elements parallax in response to Kan’s movements. That’s because the elements are each positioned individually and it creates this very realistic interactive environment for us to explore. The HTML elements are then brought to life with CSS animations and filters individually. And it’s all amazingly fast because of hardware-accelerated rendering in the browser. What you’re seeing here is all running on a Chromebook.
After exploring this world, we just need to follow our guide and take the leap. And we wanted to accentuate the 3D nature of this experience with this fall. You might consider using a plug-in or a WebGL to accomplish something like this. But what you’re seeing here is just DIVs. We’ve used individual CSS animations to spin the elements and we’ve used one long 3D transform — It’s cool, isn’t it?
We have one long 3D transform which transforms the whole model. And at the end of the fall, we splash into a Vernal Pool where we can enjoy a performance. Now, to see how this world is actually put together, let’s take a look at the source.
I’m feeling brave. Kan, can you open up the Chrome developer tools? He’s totally already done it. Because this is just markup in the browser, we can actually manipulate these elements in real time right while the application is running. Here Kan is able to change the rotation property in the CSS, and the whole model will move in space.
Our navigation controls will even still work here and just transforms the elements from their new position. Now, another great thing about this approach is that it’s wonderfully portable. For example, it works just as well in a Web browser on a tablet. Kan, will you bring up the app on a device. Look, there it is. Here, we can take advantage of the unique capabilities in the device, like the accelerometer and gestures. Notice as Kan tilts the device, our perspective is changing in the same way it changed when he was tracking to the camera.
And it just happens for us, because CSS is giving the instructions and we’re letting the hardware accelerated browser in whatever run time we find ourselves in do all the work. I hope you’ve enjoyed this short preview about what’s coming from Cirque du Soleil. And I hope it highlights the kind of immersive, beautiful user experience you can create using the HTML skills I bet most of you already have in a great browser like Google Chrome.
Sundar Pichai: I’ve been very impressed by watching Cirque du Soleil live and watching that. It shows you the power of the Web today. It’s been a very exciting journey, and a lot of it started with Chrome. And we built it together with our users and developers like you. None of what we showed today would have been possible without the journey of Chrome. We’ve put together a short video to recap what the journey has been like with you all. So let’s take a look.
Today I’m going to be talking to you about HTML5. Interesting aspects of the new standard.
So it’s been an exciting journey, and we really need your help to do what’s next. So we thought the best way to package all the goodness you saw today and give it to all of you, and there’s no better way for us to do that than literally give you all a Chromebox, the brand-new Samsung Chromebox, which, — hopefully, you have some extra space in your Android developer pack with — in addition to the three devices. So the Web is entirely what you all make of it. And we rely on the help of developers like you to succeed in what we do and help users live online. So we hope you can continue to develop a lot of great Web applications, and we will see you next year.
You’re on.
Sergey Brin: We’re live? We’re a go? Okay. Hey, everybody. Welcome here to a beautiful, cool day in San Francisco. We’re on the roof of the Moscone center. I know we showed you something really special yesterday. And we got so much interest that we wanted to show you how we put it all together. And, actually, we wanted to show you some of the pretty same exciting action that you saw, but from a new perspective this time.
So you can see, this is the roof. Some of our bikers are warming up out there. And they’re doing some of their cool tricks, getting ready for their part of this demonstration. You can also see that the airship is actually overhead. It’s pretty close to the sun. I don’t know if we can get a camera on that. You might be able to see it through my view through my Glass in the Hangout. And we actually have a number of the jumpers in the Hangout now. Now, as I walk over here, you’ll see that it’s actually tricky to keep them in the Hangout because of the really challenging wireless environment.
And if I can show you all on here, we’re pointing each of these dishes, using different kinds of RF technology for redundancy. Each jumper has a different piece of technology coming down. And that’s how we felt comfortable that we could maintain at least a couple of them in the Hangout. I’m also, by the way, testing out a new kind of iteration of Glass with these shade clip-ins here right now. And they’re — definitely makes it better out here in the bright sun. So we’re going to have — we’ve worked, you know, with a lot of people around here, with the City of San Francisco, the FAA, and the offices of Oakland and San Jose to make this happen. But the coordination is pretty tricky, as you might imagine. Our jump master is here. This is marshal. Marshal, how far out are we?
“Under two minutes from the wing suits being in the air”.
Under two minutes? That’s super exciting. And you guys might be able to see their perspectives right now in the Hangout live. This is pretty exciting to me. How’s — have you heard from J.T.? How are they doing up there?
“They’re in position right now. They’re going to hover a little while, open the door, they’re going to fly in their wing suits northwest of us here, deploy their parachutes. And then you and I will be out here and it will be high fives and smiles when they land”.
Awesome. Since we only have a couple minutes, why don’t you guys walk with me. I want to get closer to their landing zone. And, you know, as we go here, I can just point out, I mean, it’s just stunning here. But if you look over there, as we walk toward the landing zone, you can see a fog bank right over there. And that fog bank is actually very scary to us. It seems to be clearing out, so we feel good about the jump today. But there was no guarantee. And, in fact, I should note that skydiving, you know, there’s no such thing as instrument skydiving. You actually have to see your landing. I guess, conceivably, with Glass, you could make an instrument version. You have a nice heads-up display where you’re going.
But, anyway, we’ll have to try that another time. I know, I’m scaring my jump master. Today, we have sunny skies. You can see — there’s the airship pretty much straight overhead. I don’t know if we can get — maybe we’ll get another shot of that. We have a few cameras scattered here that can show you that. And let’s keep walking here. A lot of exciting action. Now, I don’t want to — I don’t want to block your view. Hopefully, the audience is seeing right now — how is our Hangout going?
“We’re ready to go up to the airship”
Okay. They’re ready to jump. Cool. How’s our view in the Hangout coming along?
“I think J.T. is ready. Go up to J.T.”
Okay. That’s so cool. Why don’t we throw it up to J.T. and he can take it away. And, hopefully, this Hangout will go as well as yesterday did. But, you know, you never know. A million things can go wrong. Okay, take it away, J.T.
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Okay, okay. A ten-second countdown. We’ll be able to watch the whole show.
That’s exciting. Thank you so much, Marshal. Beautiful day for this. Earlier, when we had the clouds, it was –
That was definitely touch and go. And, you know, I’m so excited about today. Yesterday was really fun. But I was down in the auditorium. And, by the way, for those of you who are actually watching at I/O, you can see it from the lobby. You might not be able to see quite the skydiver angle, but you’ll be able to see some of the other activity that we have. For those of you who are in downtown San Francisco, this would probably be a good time to peek out your windows.
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That was awesome. Great job. All right, thanks, guys, so much. Now, don’t forget, we tested — that was an amazing jump. We have more in store to show you just how did we do it. We have our excellent bikers here. And this is a really fun area here. There are a few kind of natural blocks and things. But the killer thing that we put in there, because the roof goes up and down, there’s a really great ramp that we put in there. And that was where you saw that magical moment. So maybe we can actually get a chance to see the bikers — let’s see what you guys got! Why don’t you hit the ramp.
All right. And we’re going to try to make our way so we can first of all watch this.
Watch this. Yeah! Whoa, another back flip. That was amazing.
All right. We’re going to head over now and try to catch them on the other side. The roof goes, actually, up, and then there’s the giant dropoff on the other side.
Yesterday, they cruised right through that. But today, we’re going to get ourselves time to get over there so we can have a really nice view. So please follow along. Now, we’re going to have to go through some of the deep, dark, cavernous parts of the building. And we’re going to try to hustle there and get there pretty quick. Oh.
[radio communications]
Thank you, all, for watching. I know we have a lot of interest. And we just wanted to show for the people who just, you know, heard about it just yesterday, want to show you about something that it took and actually show you some of that amazing action again.
All right. Well, we’ll keep you abreast of our progress on Glass. This is just one of the exciting things that we’ve had the privilege of working on and that — I’m hoping this is going to lead to something really exciting going forward.