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Home » How One American President Saved the Communist Party from Total Collapse w/ Xi Van Fleet (Transcript)

How One American President Saved the Communist Party from Total Collapse w/ Xi Van Fleet (Transcript)

Editor’s Notes: In this episode of American Thought Leaders, Xi Van Fleet, a survivor of Mao’s Cultural Revolution, explores the “hidden history” of how American diplomatic and economic choices helped the Chinese Communist Party rise from the brink of collapse to global dominance. Van Fleet discusses her book, Made in America, highlighting critical historical turning points and the persistent Western failure to grasp the true, totalitarian nature of communism. She draws chilling parallels between the indoctrination tactics of the Red Guards and modern social movements in the West, warning that the nature of totalitarianism remains a persistent threat. This conversation provides a unique perspective on the ideological roots of current cultural shifts and the urgent need to understand the CCP’s global ambitions. (Feb 22, 2026)

TRANSCRIPT:

Introduction

JAN JEKIELEK: This is American Thought Leaders and I’m Jan Jekielek. Xi Van Fleet, such a pleasure to have you back on American Thought Leaders.

XI VAN FLEET: Thank you so much for having me back for the third time.

Totalitarianism vs. Authoritarianism

JAN JEKIELEK: Well, and you always have incredibly important things to say. And congratulations on your new book, which I will also say is very important and kind of dovetails with the book that I have coming out as well. So I find it particularly poignant. You mentioned something in there that a lot of people don’t understand. But I also covered totalitarianism is distinct from just your run of the mill authoritarian dictatorship. How is it different?

XI VAN FLEET: Yeah, I think this is important because a lot of people use it interchangeably, and a lot of people use “authoritarianism” to describe the CCP. There is a big difference, and I covered that in my book. The difference is that authoritarianism is, of course, dictatorship. They demand you do certain things, they demand that you obey, and mostly leave you alone. Not totalitarianism. Totalitarianism demands not only that you obey, but that you have to believe in them. That means they have to control your mind, and it’s like a religion.

So I think that totalitarianism is more like theocracy — like in Iran, like in China. They absolutely demand that you change your mind. That’s called thought reform. And you have to believe their lies. You can’t even pretend you believe — they demand that. And that’s my experience, my first 26 years in China. I think that’s important to understand. The CCP and the people running Iran — they are totalitarian.

JAN JEKIELEK: This is super interesting because I think that through pushing this mass propaganda into the system — this is something that was a huge lesson to me over the last 10 years — how powerful propaganda can be, that it will actually change the minds of people. I always thought that people never really accepted propaganda. I thought people knew it probably wasn’t true, but just kind of went along with it because they have all the guns. But no, it actually changes people, right? When it’s pushed in so hard through the system. So in the Cultural Revolution, which you lived through, you saw that in real time.

XI VAN FLEET: Yeah. And here too — I want people to realize that wokeism is also totalitarian in nature, because it demands that you believe. You can’t just say, “Okay, women can be men,” but you have to believe it. And they have been very successful in changing people’s minds. So it is totalitarian in nature. That’s why the underlying link is communism, Marxism.

The Red Guards and the Cultural Revolution

JAN JEKIELEK: Just very briefly, before we talk about the details of the book — how did the Cultural Revolution affect you personally?

XI VAN FLEET: I really start to think more and more that I understand — I really do — I understand people going on the street today in Minneapolis, fighting ICE, believing they’re doing something noble. And that’s exactly what happened to the Red Guards. You can’t say they just had no idea what they were doing. They believed in it. And same thing here — those on the radical left, they believe, they thought it was something noble. And that’s the power of indoctrination.

I’ve seen that. I was one of them. Even though I was not really a Red Guard — I was too young — I believed in the lies that I was told. I absolutely never doubted. I always believed that the Party is always right. The Party cannot be wrong. So I believed in the Party.

JAN JEKIELEK: And just very briefly, for those that might be uninitiated — the Red Guard. Tell me about who they were.

XI VAN FLEET: The Red Guards were kids. During the Cultural Revolution, Mao needed an army to carry out his revolution. And he couldn’t use the army — that would have looked like a coup — because his goal was to take down the CCP.

JAN JEKIELEK: Wait — Mao’s goal was to take down the CCP? I hadn’t heard that before. Tell me more.

XI VAN FLEET: Yeah, because he believed that he was no longer in control. He believed that his party was somehow not listening to him. So what to do? Get rid of them — all of them, from the central government down to the village level. And so he needed people to do it. He needed an army, and he had an army. That was tens of millions of Red Guards — young people who knew nothing and couldn’t think critically. And they did one thing really well: follow orders. So they did what Mao wanted them to do — to take down the CCP. And they did.

JAN JEKIELEK: So how did that look in real life? What did these Red Guards actually do?

XI VAN FLEET: 2020 — that’s what they did in the Cultural Revolution, like what they did here in America. It’s destroy. Destroy everything. Destroyed statues, destroyed communities. Because they were so emboldened — they were backed by people in power.