Here is the full transcript and summary of Daria Zaikovskaia’s talk titled “The Health Benefits Of Learning a Foreign Language” at TEDxLagunaBlancaSchool conference.
In this TEDx talk, language teacher Daria explains that there are numerous cognitive benefits to learning a second language, including improved cognitive function and reduced age-related cognitive decline. Learning a language increases mental effort, opens new opportunities, and prepares individuals for possible challenges.
Listen to the audio version here:
TRANSCRIPT:
Learning a foreign language is good for you for so many reasons. Why should I learn English is not a question people ask themselves a lot these days, is it? English is probably going to become the world’s lingua franca if it’s not already.
Today, English is the most widely used language for newspaper, book and scientific publishing, international telecommunications, international trade, mass entertainment, diplomacy, and of course, the internet. There are now more than 8,000 courses taught completely in English by leading universities in non-English speaking countries.
So, for people like me, non-native English speakers, it would seem that if we want to keep up with the world, learning at least one foreign language, namely English, is a must. We learn it to find a good job, to be more successful, or even to immigrate. I’ve been learning English since I was little.
At first, it was my parents who taught me, which is kind of funny because neither of them spoke any English back then and they have successfully avoided learning it for the next 25 years. In fact, when I got my bachelor’s degree in linguistics, my mom said, good job, honey. What’s next for you? Are you now going to get a real degree?
After my studies, I worked as an English teacher and whenever I taught an introductory class, I would ask my students, why do you want to learn a foreign language? The answers I would usually get were more or less similar, but before I share them, I would like to ask you to go back for a moment. Think of the time you first started learning a foreign language. Do you remember why?
The answers my students would give were, my parents make me, I want to understand social media content, I want to travel, I want to get a good job. And a lot of people also acknowledge that learning a language is good for you, in general. But if we stop and think about it, work, travel, good marks at school, watching films, are all amazing, noble reasons to learn a foreign language, but can you get all that without actually learning? I think we probably can.
If we go along with this idea, it takes only a little thought to grasp what you can actually do even if you don’t understand a word in English or any other foreign language. For example, with the technology we have today, software can translate a whole web page into your native language in a split second. There are apps that can translate almost any text captured by your smartphone camera in real time, and most media are served to you with subtitles or a voiceover available almost immediately after the recording is made. Not to mention those lucky enough to be born into English-speaking families.
They should be fine, right? And here we come back to this vague learning a language is good for you, and it is. It can bring many benefits, including those that can improve the quality of your life and, indeed, your health, which is a nice bonus for those of us who started learning it for something else. It’s like when you buy a pack of breakfast cereal and here’s a free sticker inside.
Let’s move on now and take a closer look at some of these benefits. I like to visualize concepts. It helps me give form to abstract ideas and make them more simple. I like to imagine every person as a musician.
Let’s start with somebody who can only speak one language. You probably even know someone like that. Can you picture them in your mind’s eye? Let’s assume that this person was born and raised in their native country.
They have been able to get by with their native language, be it work, travel, and leisure. Now if we visualize some more and give this person an instrument, in some sense we can compare their brain to a music box. Now how does the box work? You spin the handle and magic happens. Beautiful. That’s the trick.
But the thing about the box is that it can only play one tune. The mechanism is kind of embedded into the box, so changing it is a lot of work. You repeat one and the same movement all over again.
Now we have bilinguals. In comparison to monolinguals, they have twice as many choices on how to deliver an idea. But it’s not that simple. When bilinguals use the target language, they actually activate both languages that they know. It means that there is always this competition going on in their heads between the two languages. They have to be constantly ready to respond in one language and suppress the other one. Instead of a music box, I would give them a tape recorder and two tapes.
Not quite an instrument, but can play music too. Now if you’re bilingual, your native tape is the one you know best. Depending on how well you know your second language, the other one could be secondary. So each time you need to play a word or a phrase, it takes you time to get the native tape out, insert the other one, and then find the word or a phrase that you’re looking for.
In addition to that, you sometimes forget where exactly it is, or even if this word is even on the tape. Each time there is this switch between these mental tapes, it takes you mental effort. It’s an exercise. And like with all exercises, it gets easier and easier the more you do it, until you know the tape inside out.
And with each new language, your musical instrument gets more elaborate, like adding new keys to a piano.
Some of them you know better, some worse, but each time you switch, you get more fluent. And as you learn another, third, fourth language, you pick it up faster. You understand the logic the languages might share, and you are more likely to overcome the barriers to speaking with your next foreign language.
And that mental effort translates onto the other areas of your life. It opens your mind for greater opportunities and prepares you for possible challenges. And that is not only true for those who started learning a language early in life. That’s right, you can pick up a new language today and start enjoying all the amazing benefits it brings.
It can even influence your life indirectly, opening new paths for you. In 2020, like many others, I found myself in quarantine. My boyfriend, my cat, and I in a tiny one-room apartment for several months. I figured I needed a new hobby to stay sane.
It needed to be a one-person indoor hobby, and it needed to be cheap. So I decided I would start learning a new language. I didn’t have a preference, so I did several rounds of flipping a coin, and it turned out to be Finnish. I armed myself with YouTube videos and learning apps, and soon enough, I learned some stuff about some Finnish delicacies, some Finnish towns, one famous Finnish poet.
Having this tiny connection to the culture made me want to dig deeper. And before I even realized it, it’s December, and I’m applying to study at a Finnish university. What started small became this huge change that helped me out of depression and gave me purpose. Our brains are picky.
Our brains love new things and give us a handsome reward in dopamine in exchange for novelty. That’s why I have so many pairs of shoes. Usually, when you learn something new, the brain-boosting benefits decrease as soon as you get your eureka moment. For example, you want to learn to ride a bicycle.
You start trying, you go, and it feels great. But as soon as you get a hang on it, it’s not the same satisfaction-wise. It’s just going. But that doesn’t happen when you learn a foreign language.
Instead, your brain needs to keep working, constantly plan, concentrate, and make decisions. Every day is a school day. It never ends, which to me can be both amazing and frustrating. I have been learning English for ages.
I have been teaching it as a second language for several years, and I still make mistakes, and there are still words that I don’t know. Not so long ago, I was watching some British TV, and I saw the word Satsuma in a joke. Of course, I didn’t get the joke. I’d never heard nor seen this word before.
At that moment, I felt almost angry at all the English people who decided to adopt this word into the language just to make my life more difficult. But I did make a mental note. Apparently, it’s a kind of a fruit, like mandarin or tangerine. I can never tell the difference between those, because in my native language, we have one word to describe all three.
Later, I was abroad in a supermarket, and I saw this sign, Satsuma. I pointed to it, and I said out loud, there were people around me. You little piece of fruit, I know you, and it felt really good. Our brains like to be proud, we like achievement, we like to be the best, and this is the best kind of achievement because it’s not competitive.
The only person you’re trying to outbest is you, and each new word, phrase, and sentence brings you victory. It doesn’t have to be a big victory. It can be as small as understanding a joke in a foreign language. It’s never too early to learn, and it’s never too late.
Thank you.
SUMMARY OF THIS TALK:
Daria Zaikovskaia’s talk, “The Health Benefits Of Learning a Foreign Language,” emphasizes the importance and benefits of learning foreign languages, particularly English. Here are the key takeaways from her talk:
Global Importance of English: English is increasingly becoming the world’s lingua franca, dominant in fields like publishing, telecommunications, trade, entertainment, diplomacy, and the internet. Non-native English speakers, like Zaikovskaia herself, often learn English to keep up with global developments, find jobs, or immigrate.
Initial Motivations for Learning: People often start learning a foreign language for practical reasons such as employment, education, travel, or to consume media content.
Technological Alternatives to Learning: With advances in technology, many tasks that traditionally required knowledge of a foreign language can now be accomplished through translation software and apps. This raises the question of the necessity of learning a foreign language.
Cognitive Benefits of Multilingualism: Zaikovskaia uses the metaphor of a music box and tape recorder to describe how monolingual and bilingual brains function. Bilinguals constantly engage both languages in their minds, which can be seen as mental exercise.
Enhanced Mental Agility: Learning and using multiple languages enhances mental flexibility. Bilinguals must frequently switch between languages, which is cognitively demanding but becomes easier with practice.
Lifelong Learning and Brain Health: Language learning is a continuous process that keeps the brain active and engaged. This ongoing mental activity can be beneficial for mental health and cognitive functions.
Personal Growth Through Language Learning: Zaikovskaia shares her own experience of learning Finnish during quarantine, which led her to apply to a Finnish university. This demonstrates how language learning can lead to significant life changes and personal growth.
Neurological Rewards of Learning: The brain rewards learning new things, including languages, with dopamine. Unlike other skills, the satisfaction from language learning continues as it requires constant planning, concentration, and decision-making.
Cultural and Personal Achievements: Language learning allows for deeper cultural understanding and personal achievements. Zaikovskaia highlights the joy of understanding cultural references and jokes in a foreign language.
Accessibility and Timelessness of Language Learning: The talk concludes by emphasizing that it’s never too early or too late to learn a foreign language, highlighting the ongoing and accessible nature of language learning for individuals of all ages.
Overall, Zaikovskaia’s talk underscores the multifaceted benefits of learning a foreign language, not just for practical purposes but also for cognitive, personal, and cultural enrichment.